{"id":7200,"date":"2023-10-23T14:27:49","date_gmt":"2023-10-23T07:27:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/apanano.com\/vi\/?p=7200"},"modified":"2023-10-23T14:31:46","modified_gmt":"2023-10-23T07:31:46","slug":"kiem-soat-doc-to-nam-moc-trong-chan-nuoi-gia-suc-an-co","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/apanano.com\/vi\/news\/kiem-soat-doc-to-nam-moc-trong-chan-nuoi-gia-suc-an-co\/","title":{"rendered":"Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c trong ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i gia s\u00fac \u0103n c\u1ecf"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3i thi\u1ec3u thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do ch\u00fang g\u00e2y ra \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe, v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e0n gia s\u00fac nhai l\u1ea1i. Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c trong ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i gia s\u00fac nhai l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi \u1edf lo\u00e0i d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y \u0111\u01a1n do kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n \u0103n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a gia s\u00fac nhai l\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c trong trang tr\u1ea1i, ph\u1ee5 gia h\u1ea5p ph\u1ee5 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c trong trang tr\u1ea1i ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i gia s\u00fac nhai l\u1ea1i.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

1. N\u1ed9i dung<\/strong><\/p>\n

1.1. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gia s\u00fac nhai l\u1ea1i<\/strong><\/p>\n

a, C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi gia s\u00fac nhai l\u1ea1i<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u1ee9c \u0103n ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i gia s\u00fac nhai l\u1ea1i. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh trong nhi\u1ec1u giai \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ee9c \u0103n ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i nh\u01b0: Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng, trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thu ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 sau thu ho\u1ea1ch, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n (s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4, \u1ee7 chua), qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n (\u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u1ec7 sinh k\u00e9m, b\u1ecb ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed9 cao). \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e0 t\u1eeb 20-30 oC. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u00f9y v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c v\u00e0 lo\u00e0i th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t (pH, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ef1 do, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng oxy, ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n), c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea1nh tranh kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c c\u00f3 trong th\u1ee9c \u0103n cho gia s\u00fac nhai l\u1ea1i. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i vi n\u1ea5m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n stress c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ecb kh\u00f4 h\u1ea1n, ngh\u00e8o ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n, m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ed3ng cao, nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ecf d\u1ea1i v\u1ed1n l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n \u0103n c\u1ee7a gia s\u00fac nhai l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c t\u1eeb th\u1ee9c \u0103n. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c y\u1ebfm kh\u00ed, nh\u01b0 Pennicillium, th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong th\u1ee9c \u0103n gia s\u00fac nhai l\u1ea1i. Gia s\u00fac nhai l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 nhi\u1ec5m \u0111a \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c t\u1eeb th\u1ee9c \u0103n tinh nh\u01b0 aflatoxin, fumonis\u00edn, trichotecenes, orchatoxin, ergot alkaloids, v\u00e0 zearalenone; v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 t\u1eeb th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u1ee7 chua nh\u01b0 patulin, mycophenolic ax\u00edt v\u00e0 roquefortines. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 t\u1eeb th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u1ee7 chua c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb c\u00e2y th\u1ee9c \u0103n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh sinh tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn, b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n, v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng (Eys et al. 2016).<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 ba nh\u00f3m vi n\u1ea5m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t t\u1edbi ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i gia s\u00fac nhai l\u1ea1i g\u1ed3m Aspergillus, Fusarium v\u00e0 Penicillium. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng vi n\u1ea5m n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 trong B\u1ea3ng 1.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3ng 1. C\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng vi n\u1ea5m ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gia s\u00fac nhai l\u1ea1i<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Lo\u1ea1i n\u1ea5m<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Aspergillus<\/td>\nAflatoxin, ochratoxin, sterigmatocystin, fumitremorgens, fumigaclavines, fumitoxins, cyclopiazonoic acid, gliotoxin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Fusarium<\/td>\neoxynivalenol, zearalenone, T-2 toxin, fumonisin, moniliformin, nivalenol,
\ndiacetoxyscirpenol, butenolide, neosolaniol, fusaric acid, fusarochromanone,
\nwortmannin, fusarin C, fusaproliferin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Penicillium<\/td>\nOchratoxin, PR toxin, patulin, penicillic acid, citrinin, penitrem A, cyclopiazonic acid, roquefortine, isofumigaclavines A and B, mycophenolic acid<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Claviceps<\/td>\nErgot alkaloids<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9c \u0103n xanh c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c t\u1eeb tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n trong th\u1ee9c \u0103n th\u00f4 xanh g\u1ed3m lolitrems, ergovline, paspalitrems, ergot alkaloid v\u00e0 trichothecenes.<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec1u g\u00e2y ra \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i t\u1edbi gia s\u00fac nhai l\u1ea1i, tuy nhi\u00ean ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m Aflatoxin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t trong c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n lu\u1eadt. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 Aflatoxin c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft t\u1edbi s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 M\u1ef9 v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gia s\u00fac nhai l\u1ea1i (B\u1ea3ng 2.) (Eys et al. 2016).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

B\u1ea3ng 2. Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c trong kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n \u0103n c\u1ee7a gia s\u00fac nhai l\u1ea1i<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c<\/strong><\/td>\nTi\u00eau chu\u1ea9n M\u1ef9<\/strong><\/td>\nTi\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u00e2u \u00c2u<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Aflatoxin B1<\/td>\n20 ppb<\/td>\n5 ppb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Deoxynivalenol<\/td>\n5 ppm<\/td>\n5 ppm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Fumonisins<\/td>\n15 ppm<\/td>\n50 ppm<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Ochatoxin A<\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td>\n250 ppb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Zearalenone<\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td>\n500 ppb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

b, C\u00e1c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gia s\u00fac nhai l\u1ea1i<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

+ \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh s\u1ea3n<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c enzyme v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3.\u00a0 B\u1ea3ng 3 li\u1ec7t k\u00ea m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t sinh s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c (Eys et al. 2016).<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3ng 3. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng m\u1ea1n t\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u00f2 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c<\/strong><\/td>\nTri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh<\/strong><\/td>\n\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi sinh s\u1ea3n<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Aflatoxins<\/p>\n

> 100 ppb<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

> 1500 ppb<\/td>\n

L\u1edd \u0111\u1edd, m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a th\u1ea7n kinh, t\u00edch m\u1ee1 \u1edf gan, th\u1eadn, tim<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3m s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eefa<\/p>\n

 <\/td>\n

 <\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3m sinh s\u1ea3n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

T-2<\/p>\n

> 600 ppb<\/td>\n

Th\u1ee9c \u0103n b\u1ecb b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i, d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y v\u00e0 ru\u1ed9t xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft.<\/td>\nGi\u1ea3m sinh s\u1ea3n<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ee5c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Deoxynivalenol<\/p>\n

> 1 ppm<\/td>\n

Gi\u1ea3m t\u00ednh ngon mi\u1ec7ng<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Zearalenone<\/p>\n

> 400 ppb<\/td>\n

Vi\u00eam t\u1eed cung, b\u1ea7u v\u00fa s\u01b0ng to<\/td>\nM\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh s\u1ea3n, ch\u1ebft ph\u00f4i, thai, vi\u00eam \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng sinh d\u1ee5c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Fumonisin B1<\/p>\n

> 200 ppm<\/td>\n

Gan xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft, gi\u1ea3m thu nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0103n<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

+ \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng n\u1edbi n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eefa<\/em><\/p>\n

B\u00f2 s\u1eefa nhi\u1ec5m h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eefa, gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eefa. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i tr\u00ean gia s\u00fac nhai l\u1ea1i. B\u1ea3ng 4 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c t\u1edbi n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eefa \u1edf b\u00f2. Tuy v\u1eady, c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 th\u1ea5p (Eys et al. 2016).<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3ng 4. T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eefa b\u00f2.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1<\/strong><\/td>\nN\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9<\/strong><\/td>\nDMI, kg\/ng\u00e0y<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ho\u1eb7c % KL c\u01a1 th\u1ec3<\/strong><\/td>\n

S\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eefa,<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kg\/ng\u00e0y<\/strong><\/td>\n

SCC*1000<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
AfB1<\/td>\n468 ppb<\/td>\n27.8<\/td>\n15.9<\/td>\n110<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
905 ppb<\/td>\n27.6<\/td>\n15.4<\/td>\n187<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
AfB1<\/td>\n112 ppb-no<\/p>\n

Deactivator<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n34.19<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
112 ppb-no<\/p>\n

Deactivator<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n34.13<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
112 ppb-no<\/p>\n

Deactivator<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n33.73<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
112 ppb-no<\/p>\n

Deactivator<\/td>\n

<\/td>\n33.43<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
DON<\/td>\n0 ppm<\/td>\n16.3<\/td>\n22.8<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6 ppm<\/td>\n15.9<\/td>\n21.4<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
12 ppm<\/td>\n16.3<\/td>\n21.5<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
DON<\/td>\n0 ppm<\/td>\n24.6<\/td>\n33.4<\/td>\n67<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3.5 ppm<\/td>\n24.0<\/td>\n35.6<\/td>\n107<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
DON<\/td>\n0 ppm<\/td>\n16.9<\/td>\n28<\/td>\n89<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5.3 ppm<\/td>\n19<\/td>\n31<\/td>\n107<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
0 ppm<\/td>\n16.85<\/td>\n24.15<\/td>\n96<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4.5 ppm<\/td>\n18.0<\/td>\n28.45<\/td>\n116<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
ZEN<\/td>\n0 ppb<\/td>\n2.9% BW<\/td>\n22.7<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
250 ppb<\/td>\n2.79% BW<\/td>\n23.2<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
500 ppb<\/td>\n2.85% BW<\/td>\n22.9<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng DON g\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a EU v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c trong kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n \u0103n c\u1ee7a gia s\u00fac nhai l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m t\u0103ng thu nh\u1eadp v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4, nh\u01b0ng gi\u1ea3m h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ee1 s\u1eefa, protein s\u1eefa v\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o soma trong s\u1eefa (SCC).<\/p>\n

Kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec5m 100 ppm fumonisins l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eefa (6 kg\/con\/ng\u00e0y) trong 70 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean sau \u0111\u1ebb. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu do \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thu nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u1ee7a b\u00f2 (Gallo et al. 2022).<\/p>\n

Tuy \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c t\u1edbi n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eefa c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c nhau, tuy nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c l\u00e0m t\u0103ng SCC trong s\u1eefa m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng mi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch, d\u1eabn t\u1edbi b\u1ea7u v\u00fa m\u1eabn c\u1ea3m h\u01a1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 g\u00e2y vi\u00eam, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng SCC trong s\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

+ \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a gia s\u00fac nhai l\u1ea1i. Aflatoxin B1, trichothecenes, orchatoxin v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang g\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed9c cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch. Gia s\u00fac nhai l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 nhi\u1ec5m c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng n\u00e0o ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c. \u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 nh\u1ea5t t\u1edbi c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1eabn c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a gia s\u00fac nhai l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ea1n s\u1eefa \u1edf b\u00f2 s\u1eefa, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n thu\u1ea7n s\u1eefa, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sinh con do nh\u1eefng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con v\u1eadt v\u00e0 gia t\u0103ng c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh bi\u1ebfn d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u1edf b\u00f2 (Eys et al. 2016).<\/p>\n

B\u00f2 s\u1eefa b\u1ecb ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m fusarium (DON 3.5 ppm v\u00e0 trace ZEN) kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eefa nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch tr\u00ean b\u00f2 (B\u1ea3ng 5). B\u00f2 nhi\u1ec5m h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p trichothecenes l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m b\u1ea1ch b\u1ea7u trung t\u00ednh, qua \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u (Eys et al. 2016).<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3ng 5. \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n l\u00ean ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c b\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Nh\u00f3m<\/strong><\/td>\nHo\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng TB \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c b\u00e0o (%)<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0110\u00e1p \u1ee9ng Mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0110\u00e1p \u1ee9ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u0110\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng<\/td>\n64.0<\/td>\n0.86<\/td>\n1.2<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
G\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1<\/td>\n53.3<\/td>\n1.15<\/td>\n1.3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SEM<\/td>\n2.7<\/td>\n0.075<\/td>\n0.06<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

1.2. S\u1ef1 l\u00ean men d\u1ea1 c\u1ecf v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9c<\/strong><\/p>\n

Gia s\u00fac nhai l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c th\u00f4ng qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men c\u1ee7a vi sinh v\u1eadt d\u1ea1 c\u1ecf (B\u1ea3ng 6). Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt b\u1ecb stress nh\u01b0 gia s\u00fac v\u1ed7 b\u00e9o, gia s\u00fac v\u1eaft s\u1eefa, gia s\u00fac trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 tho\u00e1t qua d\u1ea1 c\u1ecf nhanh h\u01a1n th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1edfng, do v\u1eady l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. B\u00ea ngh\u00e9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9c do d\u1ea1 c\u1ecf ch\u01b0a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3ng 6. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c trong d\u1ea1 c\u1ecf v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c t\u1eeb th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u00e0o s\u1eefa.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c<\/strong><\/td>\nS\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t d\u1ea1 c\u1ecf<\/strong><\/td>\nGi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh h\u1ecdc<\/strong><\/td>\nD\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a xu\u1ed1ng s\u1eefa<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Aflatoxin B1<\/td>\nAflatoxicol<\/p>\n

Aflatoxin M1<\/td>\n

R\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf<\/p>\n

R\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf<\/td>\n

0 \u2013 12.4 \u00b5g\/l<\/p>\n

2.0 \u2013 6.2%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

Fumonisin B1<\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i<\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i<\/td>\n0.0.05%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Orchatoxin A<\/td>\nOchatoxin \u2013 \u03b1<\/td>\nH\u1ea7u h\u1ebft<\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
T-2<\/td>\n\u0110a d\u1ea1ng<\/td>\nH\u1ea7u h\u1ebft<\/td>\nDON: c\u00f3 v\u1ebft<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Deoxynivalenol<\/td>\nDe-epoxy \u2013 DOM-1<\/td>\nH\u1ea7u h\u1ebft<\/td>\nDOM: 4 \u2013 24%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Zearalenone<\/td>\n\u03b1-zearalenol<\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng<\/td>\n0.06 \u2013 0.08%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Patulin<\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i<\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i<\/td>\nKh\u00f4ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men d\u1ea1 c\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c th\u00e0nh d\u1ea1ng \u00edt \u0111\u1ed9c h\u01a1n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, OTA \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi sinh v\u1eadt d\u1ea1 c\u1ecf chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh ochatoxin-alpha r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 h\u1ea5p thu. Tuy v\u1eady, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3ii l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng di\u1ec5n ra ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y, cho do kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n \u0103n c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng OTA \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 an to\u00e0n, OTA v\u1eabn ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ec7 c\u01a1 quan. DON \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh d\u1ea1ng DOM-1 \u00edt \u0111\u1ed9c h\u01a1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec5m DON li\u00ean quan m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3m n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i gia s\u00fac nhai l\u1ea1i, gi\u1ea3m thu nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0103n, gi\u1ea3m n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eefa. H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng DON cao trong kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng protein \u1edf d\u1ea1 c\u1ecf, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p protein vi sinh v\u1eadt d\u1ea1 c\u1ecf.<\/p>\n

H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng DON v\u00e0 OTA cao v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a d\u1ea1 c\u1ecf, l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y trong ru\u1ed9t non, gan v\u00e0 m\u00e1u. B\u00f2 thu nh\u1eadn kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ee9a Fumonisins \u1edf li\u1ec1u 1,3 g trong 2 tu\u1ea7n\u00a0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m thu nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0103n, gi\u1ea3m n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t s\u1eefa, t\u0103ng men gan AST.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c t\u1eeb th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u1ee7 chua nh\u01b0 DON, ZEN, v\u00e0 tremorgens c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1ng vi khu\u1ea9n d\u1ea1 c\u1ecf. \u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ra b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 tri\u1ec7u tr\u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh n\u00e0o tr\u00ean gia s\u00fac nhai l\u1ea1i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u00fang g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec1u tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1eadn l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng, m\u00e3n t\u00ednh, gi\u1ea3m n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t v\u1eadt nu\u00f4i v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf trong ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Theo Nh\u00e0 ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3i thi\u1ec3u thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do ch\u00fang g\u00e2y ra \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe, v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e0n gia s\u00fac nhai l\u1ea1i. Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c … \u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":722,"featured_media":7201,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"sfsi_plus_gutenberg_text_before_share":"","sfsi_plus_gutenberg_show_text_before_share":"","sfsi_plus_gutenberg_icon_type":"","sfsi_plus_gutenberg_icon_alignemt":"","sfsi_plus_gutenburg_max_per_row":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[27,89],"tags":[885,886,855,884,777,136,72,900,883,674,848,163,851,814,125,749],"class_list":["post-7200","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","category-industry-news","tag-benh-do-nam","tag-benh-duong-tieu-hoa","tag-benh-gia-suc","tag-bieng-an","tag-bo","tag-bo-sua","tag-chan-nuoi","tag-chan-nuoi-gia-suc","tag-di-truyen","tag-dich-benh-gia-suc","tag-doc-to-nam-moc","tag-gia-suc","tag-ky-sinh-trung","tag-stress","tag-thuoc-thu-y","tag-veterinary"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/apanano.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7200","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/apanano.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/apanano.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apanano.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/722"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apanano.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7200"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/apanano.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7200\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7203,"href":"https:\/\/apanano.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7200\/revisions\/7203"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apanano.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7201"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/apanano.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7200"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apanano.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7200"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apanano.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7200"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}